The Good News in the Bible
Romans 14 and "Regarding All Days Alike"
William Diehl


Many of my friends whom I have known ever since I first became a Sabbath-keeping evangelical Christian have given up the observance of the fourth commandment. When I ask them why they feel that the observance of the fourth commandment is not enjoined upon Christians, nearly every one quotes me the same text from Paul's epistle to the Romans. Romans 14:5-6 "One person thinks that a certain day is more important than other days, while someone else thinks that all days are the same. Each one should firmly make up his own mind."

Only if one ignores the historical context of chapter 14 can one reach this mistaken conclusion. Please read chapter 14 given here:

NIV Romans 14:1-23  "Accept him whose faith is weak, without passing judgment on disputable matters. 2 One man's faith allows him to eat everything, but another man, whose faith is weak, eats only vegetables. 3 The man who eats everything must not look down on him who does not, and the man who does not eat everything must not condemn the man who does, for God has accepted him. 4 Who are you to judge someone else's servant? To his own master he stands or falls. And he will stand, for the Lord is able to make him stand. 5 One man considers one day more sacred than another; another man considers every day alike. Each one should be fully convinced in his own mind. 6 He who regards one day as special, does so to the Lord. He who eats meat, eats to the Lord, for he gives thanks to God; and he who abstains, does so to the Lord and gives thanks to God. 7 For none of us lives to himself alone and none of us dies to himself alone. 8 If we live, we live to the Lord; and if we die, we die to the Lord. So, whether we live or die, we belong to the Lord. 9 For this very reason, Christ died and returned to life so that he might be the Lord of both the dead and the living. 10 You, then, why do you judge your brother? Or why do you look down on your brother? For we will all stand before God's judgment seat. 11 It is written: "'As surely as I live,' says the Lord, 'every knee will bow before me; every tongue will confess to God.'" 12 So then, each of us will give an account of himself to God. 13 Therefore let us stop passing judgment on one another. Instead, make up your mind not to put any stumbling block or obstacle in your brother's way. 14 As one who is in the Lord Jesus, I am fully convinced that no food is unclean in itself. But if anyone regards something as unclean, then for him it is unclean. 15 If your brother is distressed because of what you eat, you are no longer acting in love. Do not by your eating destroy your brother for whom Christ died. 16 Do not allow what you consider good to be spoken of as evil. 17 For the kingdom of God is not a matter of eating and drinking, but of righteousness, peace and joy in the Holy Spirit, 18 because anyone who serves Christ in this way is pleasing to God and approved by men. 19 Let us therefore make every effort to do what leads to peace and to mutual edification. 20 Do not destroy the work of God for the sake of food. All food is clean, but it is wrong for a man to eat anything that causes someone else to stumble. 21 It is better not to eat meat or drink wine or to do anything else that will cause your brother to fall. 22 So whatever you believe about these things keep between yourself and God. Blessed is the man who does not condemn himself by what he approves. 23 But the man who has doubts is condemned if he eats, because his eating is not from faith; and everything that does not come from faith is sin.

This entire fourteenth chapter of the epistle to the Romans records Paul's counsel on how to deal with new Christian converts who are offended by eating food and wine offerings offered to pagan gods as if eating this food would be a denial of the Faith and an act of participating in idol worship should they partake of this food. Some of these "weaker brethren" even believed that to observe certain fast days wherein this food is entirely left out of the diet was pleasing to Christ and mandatory as a "way to honor the Lord".
 
To show that these fast days are really what "days" Paul had in mind, look at verse 6. Here Paul places the observance of a certain day in opposition to the freedom to "eat anything". "Whoever thinks highly of a certain day does so in honor of the Lord: whoever will eat anything does so in honor of the Lord, because he gives thanks to God for the food. Whoever refuses to eat certain things does so in honor of the Lord and he gives thanks to God."
 
So we see that some will not eat the food and do "observe the day", while on the other hand some will eat the food and do not "observe the day" Thus if we keep these "days" in their context (days of eating or not eating: fasting or not fasting) we see that the apostle Paul is not referring at all to the observance of the seventh day Sabbath as being optional or a matter of choice, but rather he is referring to observance of optional fast days.
 
It is interesting to note that the Didache, a very early second century Christian catechism, mentions the fact that there were factions in the early Christian church which were advocating certain fast days and that there was a dispute as to which days of the week to observe as a fast days. If you will read through this brief catechism and note especially where the text is in bold text, you will see that not only were these fast days mentioned but as an aside I would call your attention to the fact that the "preparation day" is mentioned as being one of these fast days.  The "preparation day" is the sixth day of the week and is the day which is mentioned in the new testament as the day preceding the Sabbath day. 
 
Also note that the believers are urged in the Didache to gather on "the "Lord's own day" (see near the end of the document in bold text).  The day of the week here mentioned as "the Lord's own day" is obviously the seventh day Sabbath. We can know this because "the preparation day", the sixth day of the week, was the day to prepare for the blessing of the seventh day Sabbath rest.  These texts in the Didache give us some very important insight as to the fact that "the Lord's own day" was the seventh day Sabbath which was being observed by the very early Christian church.  The early church was indeed observing the Sabbath day of the fourth commandment.

And so with the proper understanding of Paul's counsel in Romans 14 in its textual context and historical context, we are able to see that the integrity of all of God's commandments are maintained. As Paul tells us in Romans 7:12 "So then, the Law itself is holy, and the commandment is holy, right, and good." Paul was a Sabbath keeper, the early church was observing the Sabbath, and even the apostle John observed "the Lord's day", (see Revelation 1:7—"I was in the spirit on the Lord's day").

The seventh day of the week is the day sanctified by the Lord for the believers to come together for common worship and the hearing of the good news that our Lord by His unmerited grace alone saves to the uttermost those repentant sinners who put their faith alone in the sinless life and atoning death of Christ alone as revealed in the Bible alone.  Our Lord Jesus Christ "hung alone that He might atone" for our transgressions of not only the letter of the Law, but our transgressions of the spirit of the Law as well. 

 

The "blood of sprinkling" in the Day of Atonement tabernacle ritual was always applied and atonement always took place at the mercy seat above the holy Law of God.  Our Lord Jesus Christ is now the mediator of a new and better covenant based upon better promises.  He himself as our High Priest, King, and Judge is the Law-giver and the Law-keeper for all who put their trust in his perfect life and atoning death.  Those who trust in him as Savior and Lord will be walking in the way of his commandments not to be justified but because they are justified by faith in his perfect obedience to all of the holy commandments. Or to put it in the words of Paul in Romans 3:31 NIV "Do we, then, nullify the law by this faith? Not at all! Rather, we uphold the law."

Note:

In any discussion of the issue of whether the early church observed the first day of the week or the seventh day of the week as the Sabbath day, it is a very good idea to take a look at Acts 20:7. Notice that Acts 20:7 states that they met together on Saturday evening, had a meal together, and then the text states that Paul preached until MIDNIGHT because Paul was going to leave the NEXT DAY. At midnight the young fellow, Eutychus, fell out of the window and was revived by Paul. Paul then preached until daylight (the reader must remember that days of the week in the Bible began at sundown and ended at sundown — from evening unto evening: see Genesis 1).

Here is the TEV's correct translation of Acts 20:7,11

"vs. 7. On Saturday evening we gathered together for the fellowship meal. Paul spoke to the people and kept on speaking until midnight, since he was going to leave the next day.......vs.11. After talking with them for a long time, even until sunrise, Paul left."

Notice that Paul, after preaching all night, left on SUNDAY morning for his journey. He and the believers DID NOT then have a Sunday morning church service. The first day of the week was of no religious significance to the first century church: see "Sunday and the Early Church".



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